1. Yintoni i-flocculants, i-coagulants kunye ne-coagulants?
Ezi arhente zinokwahlulwa ngokwezi ndidi zilandelayo ngokosetyenziso olwahlukileyo kunyango lokuhluza i-sludge press:
I-Flocculant: ngamanye amaxesha ibizwa ngokuba yi-coagulant, inokusetyenziswa njengendlela yokomeleza ukwahlulwa kolwelo oluqinileyo, olusetyenziswa kwitanki yentlenga esisiseko, itanki yentlenga yesibini, itanki yokudada kunye nonyango lwenqanaba lesithathu okanye inkqubo yonyango ephezulu.
Uncedo lwe-Coagulation: Iiflocculants ezincedisayo zidlala indima yokuphucula umphumo wokudibanisa.
I-Conditioner: Ikwaziwa njenge-arhente yokukhupha amanzi, isetyenziselwa ukulungisa i-sludge eseleyo ngaphambi kokunkcenkceshela, kwaye iintlobo zayo ziquka ezinye zeeflocculants ezikhankanywe ngasentla kunye ne-coagulants.
2. I-Flocculant
I-Flocculants ludidi lwezinto ezinokunciphisa okanye ziphelise ukuzinza kwemvula kunye nokuzinza kwe-polymerization yamasuntswana asasaziweyo emanzini, kwaye zenze amasuntswana asasaziweyo aglomerate kwaye ajikeleze abe ngamaqela ukuze asuswe.
Ngokokwakheka kweekhemikhali, i-flocculants inokwahlulwa ibe yi-inorganic flocculants kunye ne-organic flocculants.
Iiflocculants ezingaphiliyo
Iiflocculants zemveli ze-inorganic flocculants ziityuwa ze-molecular aluminiyam kunye neetyuwa zentsimbi.Iityuwa ze-aluminium ikakhulu ziquka i-aluminium sulfate (AL2(SO4)3∙18H2O), i-alum (AL2(SO4)3∙K2SO4∙24H2O), i-sodium aluminate (NaALO3), iityuwa zentsimbi ikakhulu ziquka i-ferric chloride (FeCL3∙6H20), i-ferrous sulfate I-FeSO4∙6H20) kunye ne-ferric sulfate (Fe2 (SO4) 3∙2H20).
Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-flocculants ye-inorganic ineempawu zokufumaneka lula kwezinto eziluhlaza, ukulungiswa okulula, ixabiso eliphantsi, kunye nefuthe lonyango eliphakathi, ngoko ke zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kunyango lwamanzi.
Inorganic polymer flocculant
I-hydroxyl kunye ne-oxygen-based polymers ye-Al (III) kunye ne-Fe (III) iya kudibaniswa ngakumbi ibe yi-aggregates, eya kugcinwa kwisisombululo samanzi phantsi kweemeko ezithile, kwaye ubungakanani bawo buya kuba kwi-nanometer range.Isiphumo sedosi ephezulu.
Ukuthelekisa ukusabela kwabo kunye namazinga e-polymerization, ukuphendulwa kwe-polymer ye-aluminium kuncinci kwaye ukumila kuzinzile, ngelixa i-polymer ye-hydrolyzed yensimbi isabela ngokukhawuleza kwaye ilahleka ngokulula ukuzinza kunye ne-precipitates.
Uncedo lwe-inorganic polymer flocculants lubonakaliswa ngokuba lusebenza ngakumbi kuneflocculants zemveli ezifana ne-aluminium sulfate kunye ne-ferric chloride, kwaye inexabiso eliphantsi kune-organic polymer flocculants.Ngoku i-Polyaluminium chloride isetyenziswe ngempumelelo kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zonyango lonikezelo lwamanzi, amanzi amdaka emizi-mveliso kunye nogutyulo lwasezidolophini, kubandakanywa ukunyangwa kwangaphambili, unyango oluphakathi kunye nonyango oluphambili, kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe luye lwaba yi-flocculant eqhelekileyo.Nangona kunjalo, ngokwemigaqo ye-morphology, i-degree of polymerization kunye ne-coagulation-flocculation effect ehambelanayo, i-polymer flocculants ye-inorganic flocculants isekwimo phakathi kwee-flocculants zetyuwa zentsimbi kunye ne-organic polymer flocculants.
Polyaluminium chloride, pac,msds policloruro de aluminio,cas no 1327 41 9,policloruro de aluminio,pac chemical yokucoca amanzi,poly aluminiyam chloride, ekubhekiselwa kuyo njenge PAC, ine formula yemichiza ALn(OH)mCL3n-m.I-PAC yi-electrolyte eninzi enokunciphisa kakhulu intlawulo ye-colloidal yokungcola okufana nodongwe (iintlawulo ezininzi ezimbi) emanzini.Ngenxa yobunzima obukhulu bemolekyuli kunye nomthamo owomeleleyo we-adsorption, iiflokhi ezenziweyo zikhulu, kwaye ukusebenza kwe-flocculation kunye nentlenga kungcono kunezinye iiflocculants.
i-poly aluminium chloride ineqondo eliphezulu lepolymerization, kwaye ukuvuselela ngokukhawuleza emva kokudibanisa kunokunciphisa kakhulu ixesha lokubunjwa kwefloc.i-poly aluminium chloride PAC ayichatshazelwa kancinci ngubushushu bamanzi, kwaye isebenza kakuhle xa ubushushu bamanzi buphantsi.Iyanciphisa ixabiso le-pH lamanzi ngaphantsi, kwaye uluhlu lwe-pH olusebenzayo lubanzi (lunokusetyenziswa kuluhlu lwe-pH = 5 ~ 9), ngoko akuyimfuneko ukongeza i-agent ye-alkaline.Idosi yePAC incinci, isixa sodaka oluveliswayo nalo luncinci, kwaye ukusetyenziswa, ulawulo kunye nokusebenza kulula ngakumbi, kwaye aludleki kangako kwizixhobo kunye nemibhobho.Ngoko ke, i-PAC inotyekelo lokutshintshela ngokuthe ngcembe i-aluminium sulfate kwintsimi yokucoca amanzi, kunye nokungalunganga kwayo kukuba ixabiso liphezulu kunelo le-flocculants yendabuko.
Ukongeza, ukusuka kwindawo yokujonga i-chemistry yesisombululo,PAC poly aluminiyam chlorideyimveliso ephakathi yekinetic ye-hydrolysis-polymerization-precipitation reaction process yetyuwa ye-aluminiyam, engazinzanga nge-thermodynamically.Ngokubanzi, iimveliso zePAC ezilulwelo kufuneka zisetyenziswe ngexesha elifutshane (iimveliso eziqinileyo zinentsebenzo ezinzileyo)., inokugcinwa ixesha elide).Ukongeza ezinye iityuwa inorganic (ezifana CaCl2, MnCl2, njl.) okanye macromolecules (ezifana polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylamide, njl.) kunokuphucula uzinzo PAC, kwaye kunokwandisa isakhono umanyano.
Ngokwemigaqo yenkqubo yokuvelisa, i-anion enye okanye ezininzi ezahlukeneyo (ezifana ne-SO42-, PO43-, njl. njl.) ziyaziswa kwinkqubo yokwenziwa kwe-PAC, kunye nesakhiwo se-polymer kunye nokusabalalisa kwe-morphological kunokutshintshwa ukuya kwinqanaba elithile nge-polymerization, ngaloo ndlela. ukuphuculwa kozinzo nokusebenza ngempumelelo kwePAC;ukuba amanye amacandelo e-cationic, afana ne-Fe3+, aqaliswa kwinkqubo yokwenziwa kwe-PAC ukwenza i-Al3+ kunye ne-Fe3+ igxadazele i-hydrolytically polymerized, i-composite flocculant polyaluminium iron inokufumaneka.
Organic polymer flocculant
I-Synthetic organic polymer flocculants ikakhulu i-polypropylene kunye ne-polyethylene izinto, ezifana ne-polyacrylamide kunye ne-polyethyleneimine.Ezi flocculants zonke macromolecules enyibilikayo emanzini-enyibilikayo linear, macromolecule nganye iqulathe iiyunithi ezininzi eziphindaphindayo eziqulathe amaqela icala, ngoko ke zikwabizwa polyelectrolytes.Abo baqulethwe ngamaqela ahlaziywa kakuhle yi-cationic polyelectrolytes, kwaye abo baqulethwe ngamaqela ahlawuliswa kakubi i-anionic polyelectrolytes, engabandakanyi amaqela afanelekileyo okanye ahlawuliswa kakubi, kwaye abizwa ngokuba yi-nonionic polyelectrolytes.
Okwangoku, i-polymer flocculants esetyenziswa kakhulu i-anionic, kwaye inokudlala indima kuphela ekuncedeni ukudibanisa ukungcola kwe-colloidal embi emanzini.Amaxesha amaninzi ayinakusetyenziswa yodwa, kodwa isetyenziswa ngokudityaniswa neetyuwa zealuminiyam kunye neetyuwa zentsimbi.I-Cationic flocculants inokudlala indima ye-coagulation kunye ne-flocculation ngexesha elifanayo kwaye isetyenziswe yodwa, ngoko ke iphuhliswe ngokukhawuleza.
Okwangoku, iipolymers ze-polyacrylamide ezingenayo i-ionic zisetyenziswa rhoqo kwilizwe lam, ezihlala zisetyenziswa ngokudibanisa nesinyithi kunye neetyuwa ze-aluminium.Impembelelo yombane ye-neutralization ye-iron kunye ne-aluminium ityuwa kwiincinci ze-colloidal kunye nomsebenzi ogqwesileyo we-flocculation we-polymer flocculants zisetyenziselwa ukufumana imiphumo yonyango eyanelisayo.I-Polyacrylamide ineempawu zedosi encinci, isantya esikhawulezayo sokudibanisa, kunye neeflocs ezinkulu kunye ezinzima ezisetyenziswayo.I-80% ye-synthetic organic polymer flocculants eveliswa ngoku kwilizwe lam yile mveliso.
I-Polyacrylamide PAM, i-polyelectrolyte isebenzisa, i-polyelectrolyte cationic powder, i-cationic polyelectrolyte, i-cationic polymer, i-cationic polyacrylamide yeyona nto isetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-synthetic organic polymer flocculant, i-polyelectrolyte, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha isetyenziswa njenge-coagulant.Imveliso ekrwada ye-polyacrylamide yi-polyacrylonitrile CH2=CHCN.Phantsi kweemeko ezithile, i-acrylonitrile i-hydrolyzed ukuze yenze i-acrylamide, kwaye i-acrylamide ixhomekeke kwi-polymerization yokunqunyanyiswa ukufumana i-polyacrylamide.I-Polyacrylamide yi-resin e-soluble yamanzi, kwaye iimveliso ziyi-granular eqinile kunye nesisombululo se-aqueous e-viscous kunye noxinzelelo oluthile.
Olona hlobo lukhoyo lwepolyacrylamide emanzini lukhoyili olungacwangciswanga.Ngenxa yokuba i-coil engahleliwe inobungakanani obuthile kunye namaqela athile e-amide kumphezulu wayo, inokudlala ibhuloho ehambelanayo kunye nomthamo we-adsorption, oko kukuthi, inomlinganiselo othile wamasuntswana.umthamo othile weflocculation.
Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba ikhonkco elide le-polyacrylamide ligobekile kwikhoyili, uluhlu lwayo lokuvala luncinci.Emva kokuba amaqela amabini e-amide axhunyiwe, ilingana nokucinywa kwentsebenziswano kunye nokulahlekelwa kweendawo ezimbini ze-adsorption.Ukongezelela, amanye amaqela e-amide ahlanganiswe kwisakhiwo sekhoyili Ingaphakathi layo alikwazi ukudibanisa kunye nokubhengeza iincinci ezingcolileyo emanzini, ngoko ke amandla ayo okubhengezwa angenakwenziwa ngokupheleleyo.
Ukuze ukwahlula amaqela e-amide adibeneyo kwakhona kwaye aveze amaqela e-amide afihliweyo ngaphandle, abantu bazama ukwandisa i-coil engahleliwe ngokufanelekileyo, kwaye bazame ukongeza amanye amaqela kunye neecations okanye anions kwikhonkco elide le-molecular , ngelixa bephucula i-adsorption kunye ukukwazi ukubopha ibhulorho kunye nesiphumo sokungathathi hlangothi kombane kunye nokunyanzeliswa kombane ophindwe kabini.Ngale ndlela, uluhlu lwe-polyacrylamide flocculants okanye i-coagulants eneempawu ezahlukeneyo zithathwe kwisiseko se-PAM.
Kunyango lwe-coagulation yamanzi amdaka, ngamanye amaxesha i-flocculant enye ayinakufezekisa isiphumo esihle sokudibanisa, kwaye kudla ngokuyimfuneko ukongeza ezinye ii-agent ezincedisayo ukuphucula i-coagulation effect.Le arhente yokuncedisa ibizwa ngokuba yi-coagulation aid.I-coagulants esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo i-chlorine, i-lime, i-asilicic acid esebenzayo, i-bone glue kunye ne-alginate ye-sodium, i-carbon activated kunye nodongwe ohlukeneyo.
Ezinye ii-coagulants ngokwazo azidlali indima kwi-coagulation, kodwa ngokulungelelanisa kunye nokuphucula iimeko ze-coagulation, zidlala indima yokuncedisa i-flocculants ukuvelisa iziphumo ze-coagulation.Ezinye ii-coagulants zithatha inxaxheba ekubunjweni kweeflocs, ukuphucula ubume be-flocs, kwaye zinokwenza iiflocs ezintle kunye ezikhululekile eziveliswe yi-inorganic flocculants zibe yi-coarse and tight floc.
4. I-Conditioner
Ii-conditioners, ezikwabizwa ngokuba zii-agent eziphelisa amanzi emzimbeni, zinokwahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezimbini: i-inorganic conditioners kunye ne-organic conditioners.I-inorganic conditioners ifanelekile ngokubanzi ukuhluzwa kwe-vacuum kunye nepleyiti kunye nefreyimu yokucoca i-sludge, ngelixa i-organic conditioners ifanelekile ukuchithwa kwe-centrifugal kunye ne-belt filtering dewatering of sludge.
5.ubudlelwane phakathiiiflocculants, coagulants, kunye neconditioners
I-agent ye-dehydrating i-arhente eyongeziweyo ngaphambi kokuba i-sludge iphelelwe ngamanzi, oko kukuthi, i-agent ye-conditioning ye-sludge, ngoko ke intsingiselo ye-agent ye-dehydrating kunye ne-ejenti yokumisela iyafana.Idosi ye-ejenti yokukhupha amanzi okanye i-ejenti yokulungelelanisa ngokubanzi ibalwa njengepesenti yobunzima bezinto eziqinileyo ezomileyo zodaka.
I-flocculants isetyenziselwa ukususa izinto eziqinileyo ezimisiweyo kugutyulo kwaye ziyi-agent ezibalulekileyo kwintsimi yokucoca amanzi.Idosi ye-flocculant ibonakaliswe ngokubanzi ngexabiso elongeziweyo kumthamo weyunithi yamanzi ukuba aphathwe.
Idosi ye-agent ye-dehydrating (i-agent ye-conditioning), i-flocculant, kunye ne-coagulation aid inokubizwa ngokuba yi-dosage.I-ejenti efanayo ingasetyenziselwa njenge-flocculant kunyango lwamanzi amdaka, kwaye ingasetyenziselwa njenge-conditioner okanye i-dewatering agent kunyango lwe-sludge engaphezulu.
I-coagulants ibizwa ngokuba yi-coagulants xa isetyenziswe njenge-flocculants kwintsimi yokucoca amanzi.I-coagulants efanayo ayibizwa ngokuba yi-coagulants kunyango lwe-sludge engaphezulu, kodwa ngokudibeneyo ibizwa ngokuba yi-conditioners okanye i-dehydrating agents.
Xa usebenzisa iflocculant, ekubeni ubungakanani bezinto eziqinileyo ezimisiweyo emanzini zilinganiselwe, ukuze kuphunyezwe uqhagamshelwano olupheleleyo phakathi kwe-flocculant kunye neengqungquthela ezimisiweyo, izixhobo zokuxuba kunye nokuphendula kufuneka zixhotywe ngexesha elaneleyo.Umzekelo, ukuxuba kuthatha amashumi emizuzwana ukuya kwimizuzu emininzi, Ukusabela kufuna i-15 ukuya kwimizuzu engama-30.Xa i-sludge ichithwa, ihlala ithatha amashumi ambalwa emizuzwana ukusuka xa i-conditioner yongezwa kwi-sludge engena kumatshini wokukhupha amanzi, oko kukuthi, kuphela inkqubo yokuxuba elingana ne-flocculant, kwaye akukho xesha lokuphendula, kwaye amava analo. Kwakhona kubonisiwe ukuba umphumo wokulungisa uya kunyuka ngokuhlala.yehla ngokuhamba kwexesha.
Izixhobo eziqhutywa kakuhle, abasebenzi bokuthengisa abafanelekileyo, kunye nababoneleli abaphezulu emva kokuthengisa;Sikwaliqabane elikhulu elimanyeneyo kunye nabantwana, bonke abantu baqhubeka nexabiso leshishini "ukumanyana, ukuzinikela, ukunyamezelana" kwi-100% yeFactory yaseTshayina Apam Anionic Polyacrylamide PAM yePetroleum yeOyile eKrwada,Yixing Cleanwater Chemicals Co., Ltd.uye wanamava amaziko okuvelisa anabasebenzi abangaphezu kwe-100.Ngoko sinokuqinisekisa ixesha elifutshane lokukhokela kunye nokuqinisekiswa komgangatho.
Thenga ngakumbi kwaye wonge ngaphezulu kwe-100% yeFactory yokuqala yaseTshayina i-Anionic Polyacrylamide, i-chitosan, i-polymer yokomba, i-pac, i-pam, i-ejenti ye-decoloring, i-dicyandiamide, i-polyamines, i-defoamer, i-arhente yebhaktheriya, i-Cleanwat iya kuqhubeka nokuthobela " umgangatho ophezulu, owaziwayo, umsebenzisi wokuqala ” umgaqo ngentliziyo iphela.Samkela ngokufudumeleyo abahlobo abavela kuzo zonke iinkalo zobomi ukuba basindwendwele kwaye basinike isikhokelo, sisebenze kunye nokudala ikamva eliqaqambileyo!
Icatshulwe kwi-Bjx.com
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-09-2022