Iipholima ezifunxa kakhulu zaphuhliswa ekupheleni koo-1960.Ngo-1961, iZiko loPhando laseMntla leSebe lezoLimo lase-US lafakela istatshi kwi-acrylonitrile okokuqala ngqa ukwenza i-HSPAN starch acrylonitrile graft copolymer egqithise izinto eziqhelekileyo zokufunxa amanzi.Ngo-1978, iSanyo Chemical Co., Ltd. yaseJapan yakhokela ekusebenziseni iipholima ezifunxa kakhulu kwiidiaper ezilahlwayo, eziye zatsala umdla kwizazinzulu ezivela kwihlabathi liphela.Ngasekupheleni kwee-1970s, i-UCC Corporation yase-United States yenza isiphakamiso sokudibanisa iipolymers ezahlukeneyo ze-olefin oxide kunye nonyango lwe-radiation, kunye ne-non-ionic super absorbent polymers ezidityanisiweyo ezinomthamo wokufunxa amanzi amaxesha angama-2000, ngaloo ndlela kuvula udibaniso lwe-non-ionic. iipholima ezifunxa kakhulu.Umnyango.Ngo-1983, iSanyo Chemicals yaseJapan yasebenzisa i-potassium acrylate phambi kweekhompawundi ze-diene ezifana ne-methacrylamide ukwenza i-polymerize iipolymers ezingaphezulu.Emva koko, inkampani iye gqolo ukuvelisa iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zepolymer superabsorbent eyenziwe modified acid polyacrylic kunye polyacrylamide.Ekupheleni kwenkulungwane edlulileyo, izazinzulu ezivela kumazwe ahlukeneyo ziye zaphuhlisa ngokulandelelana kwaye zenza iipolymers eziphezulu kakhulu ziphuhliswe ngokukhawuleza kumazwe kwihlabathi liphela.Okwangoku, amaqela amathathu amakhulu emveliso yaseJapan Shokubai, iSanyo Chemical kunye neStockhausen yaseJamani yenze imeko enemilenze emithathu.Balawula i-70% yemarike yehlabathi namhlanje, kwaye baqhuba imisebenzi edibeneyo yamazwe ngamazwe ngokusebenzisa intsebenziswano yobugcisa ukuze balawule imarike ephezulu yawo onke amazwe ehlabathi.Ilungelo lokuthengisa iipholima ezifunxa amanzi.Iipholima ezifunxa kakhulu zinoluhlu olubanzi losetyenziso kunye nethemba losetyenziso olubanzi kakhulu.Okwangoku, ukusetyenziswa kwayo okuphambili kuseyimveliso yococeko, ibalwa malunga ne-70% yemarike iyonke.
Ekubeni i-sodium polyacrylate superabsorbent resin inomthamo omkhulu wokufunxa amanzi kunye nokusebenza okugqwesileyo kokugcinwa kwamanzi, inoluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo njenge-arhente yokugcina amanzi emhlabeni kwezolimo kunye namahlathi.Ukuba umlinganiselo omncinci wesodium polyacrylate efunxa kakhulu igalelwe emhlabeni, izinga lokuntshula kwezinye iimbotyi kunye nokumelana nembalela kwezihluma zeembotyi kungaphucuka, kwaye kungaphucuka nokungena komoya emhlabeni.Ukongeza, ngenxa ye-hydrophilicity kunye neempawu ezibalaseleyo zokuchasana nenkungu kunye ne-anti-condensation ye-resin efunxa kakhulu, inokusetyenziswa njengento entsha yokupakisha.Ifilimu yokupakisha eyenziwe ngeempawu ezizodwa zepolymer efunxa kakhulu inokugcina ngokufanelekileyo ukutsha kokutya.Ukongeza inani elincinci lepolymer efunxa kakhulu kwizinto zokuthambisa kunokonyusa i-viscosity ye-emulsion, eyona nto ifanelekileyo yokuqina.Ukusebenzisa iimpawu ze-polymer e-absorbent super ethatha kuphela amanzi kodwa i-oyile okanye i-solvents ye-organic, inokusetyenziswa njenge-agent e-dehydrating kumashishini.
Ngenxa yokuba iipolymers ezifunxa kakhulu azinatyhefu, aziwuthukuthezi umzimba womntu, ukuphendula okungeyonxalenye, kunye nokuhlangana kwegazi, ziye zasetyenziswa kakhulu kwicandelo lamayeza kwiminyaka yakutshanje.Umzekelo, isetyenziselwa i-ointments ye-topical enomxholo ophezulu wamanzi kwaye ikhululekile ukuyisebenzisa;ukuvelisa ama-bandages zonyango kunye neebhola zekotoni ezinokubamba ukuphuma kwegazi kunye neemfihlo ezivela kwi-operation kunye ne-trauma, kwaye inokuthintela ukugqithiswa;ukuvelisa ii-anti-bacterial agents ezinokudlula amanzi kunye namayeza kodwa kungekhona ii-microorganisms.Isikhumba sokwenziwa esosulelayo, njl.
Ngophuhliso lwenzululwazi nobuchwepheshe, ukukhuselwa kwendalo kutsale umdla ngakumbi nangakumbi.Ukuba i-polymer e-absorbent super ifakwe engxoweni enyibilikayo kugutyulo, kwaye ingxowa intywiliselwe kugutyulo, xa ingxowa ichithwa, i-polymer e-absorbent ephezulu inokukhawuleza ukufunxa ulwelo ukuqiniswa kwelindle.
Kumzi mveliso we-elektroniki, iipolima ezifunxa kakhulu zinokusetyenziswa njengezivamvo zokufuma, izivamvo zokulinganisa ukufuma, kunye nezixhobo zokubona ukuvuza kwamanzi.Iipolymers ezifunxa kakhulu zinokusetyenziswa njengee-adsorbents ze-ion zentsimbi enzima kunye nezinto ezifunxa ioyile.
Ngamafutshane, i-polymer efunxa kakhulu luhlobo lwemathiriyeli yepolymer enoluhlu olubanzi kakhulu losetyenziso.Uphuhliso olomeleleyo lwe-polymer resin efunxa kakhulu inamandla amakhulu entengiso.Kulo nyaka, phantsi kweemeko zembalela kunye nemvula ephantsi kwiindawo ezininzi ezisemantla elizwe lam, indlela yokukhuthaza ngakumbi kunye nokusetyenziswa kweepolymers eziphezulu kakhulu ngumsebenzi ongxamisekileyo ojongene nezolimo kunye nenzululwazi yezamahlathi kunye neengcali.Ngexesha lokuphunyezwa kweQhinga loPhuhliso lwaseNtshona, kumsebenzi wokuphucula umhlaba, ukuphuhlisa ngamandla kunye nokusebenzisa imisebenzi emininzi ye-polymers e-absorbent super, enenzuzo yokwenene yentlalo kunye nezoqoqosho.I-Zhuhai Demi Chemicals igubungela indawo engaphezulu kwe-30,000 yeemitha zesikwere.Isebenza ngokukodwa kuphando kunye nophuhliso kunye nokuveliswa kwezinto ezixutywe kakhulu (SAP) ezinxulumene neemveliso.Yinkampani yokuqala yasekhaya ebandakanyeka kwii-resin ezifunxa kakhulu ezidibanisa uphando lwezenzululwazi, imveliso, intengiso kunye neenkonzo zobugcisa.amashishini akumgangatho ophezulu.Inkampani inamalungelo azimeleyo epropathi enomgangatho ophezulu wokuqonda, uphando olomeleleyo kunye namandla ophuhliso, kwaye ihlala isungula iimveliso ezintsha.Le projekthi ibandakanyiwe “kwisicwangciso setotshi” yesizwe kwaye iye yanconywa amaxesha amaninzi ngurhulumente wesizwe, wephondo noomasipala.
Indawo yesicelo
1. Izicelo kwezolimo kunye negadi
I-resin efunxa kakhulu esetyenziswa kwezolimo kunye ne-horticulture ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-agent yokugcina amanzi kunye ne-conditioner yomhlaba.ilizwe lam lilizwe elinonqongophalo olukhulu lwamanzi ehlabathini.Ke ngoko, ukusetyenziswa kweearhente zokugcina amanzi kuya kuba kubaluleke ngakumbi.Okwangoku, amaziko ophando asekhaya angaphezulu kweshumi elinesibini aphuhlise iimveliso zeresin ezifunxa kakhulu ukutya okuziinkozo, umqhaphu, ioyile kunye neswekile., Icuba, iziqhamo, imifuno, amahlathi kunye nezinye iintlobo ezingaphezu kwama-60 zezityalo, indawo yokukhuthaza idlula i-70,000 yeehektare, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-resin e-absorbent super in Northwest, Inner Mongolia kunye nezinye iindawo zokulawula intlabathi enkulu yokulima amahlathi.Iireyini ezifunxa kakhulu ezisetyenziswa kulo mba ikakhulu isitatshi similiselwe i-acrylate polymer edityanisiweyo yeemveliso ezinqamlezileyo kunye ne-acrylamide-acrylate copolymer edibeneyo yeemveliso, apho ityuwa itshintshile ukusuka kuhlobo lwesodium ukuya kuhlobo lwe-potassium.Ezona ndlela zisetyenziswayo kukufakwa kwembewu, ukutshiza, ukufaka umngxuma, okanye ukufunxa iingcambu zesityalo emva kokuxutywa namanzi ukwenza intlama.Kwangaxeshanye, i-resin efunxa kakhulu inokusetyenziselwa ukugquma isichumisi kwaye emva koko ichume, ukuze inike umdlalo opheleleyo kwisantya sokusetyenziswa kwesichumisi kunye nokuthintela inkunkuma kunye nongcoliseko.Amazwe angaphandle asebenzisa iresin efunxa kakhulu njengezinto zokupakisha ezintsha zeziqhamo, imifuno kunye nokutya.
2. Izicelo kwizonyango kunye nococeko lusetyenziswa kakhulu njenge-napkins ye-sanitary, i-diapers yabantwana, i-napkins, iipakethi ze-ice zonyango;izixhobo ezifana nejeli yevumba elisetyenziswa imihla ngemihla ukulungisa umoya.Isetyenziswe njengesiseko sezinto zonyango kwi-ointments, creams, liniments, cataplasms, njl., Inemisebenzi yokuthambisa, ukuqina, ukungena kwesikhumba kunye ne-gelation.Ingenziwa kwakhona ibe yinkampani ephathwayo ehlakaniphile elawula ubungakanani beziyobisi ezikhutshiweyo, ixesha lokukhululwa, kunye nendawo yokukhulula.
3. Isicelo kwishishini
Sebenzisa umsebenzi we-super absorbent resin ukufunxa amanzi kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu kwaye ukhulule amanzi kwiqondo lokushisa eliphantsi ukwenza i-arhente yobungqina bokufuma.Kwimisebenzi yokubuyisela ioli ye-oilfield, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezidala ze-oyile, ukusetyenziswa kwe-ultra-high molecular weight polyacrylamide izisombululo zamanzi zokufuduswa kweoli kusebenza kakhulu.Ingasetyenziselwa ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni kwezinyibilikisi ze-organic, ngakumbi kwii-solvents eziphilayo ezine-polarity ephantsi.Kukwakho nee-thickeners zamashishini, iipeyinti ezinyibilikayo emanzini, njl.
4.Isicelo kulwakhiwo
Izinto ezikhawuleza ukudumba ezisetyenziswa kwiiprojekthi zogcino lwamanzi yintlaka esulungekileyo efunxa kakhulu, esetyenziswa ikakhulu ukuplaga itonela lamadama ngamaxesha ezikhukula, kunye nokuplaga amanzi okudibanisa asele elungiselelwe amagumbi angaphantsi, itonela kunye neendlela ezingaphantsi komhlaba;esetyenziselwa ukucocwa kwamanzi amdaka asezidolophini kunye neeprojekthi zokugrumba Udaka luyaqina ukuze lube lula ukugrumba nokuthutha.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-08-2021