Iflocculantihlala ibizwa ngokuba "njenge-panacea yemveliso", enoluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo. Njengendlela yokuqinisa ukwahlukana okuqinileyo kwicandelo lonyango lwamanzi, kunokusetyenziselwa ukomeleza ukuntywila kwe-low, unyango lweflocation kunye nendlela ye-sluation. Ingasetyenziselwa ukunyangwa kwamanqanaba aphezulu okanye ukuphathwa kwenqanaba lokutyumba. Kunyango lwamanzi, zihlala zihlala zichaphazela isiphumo semichiza (idosi yeekhemikhali), ezi zinto zintsonkothile, kubandakanya ubushushu bamanzi, ixabiso le-Alkalinity, imeko kunye neemeko zolondolozo lwamanzi zangaphandle, njl.
1. Impembelelo yobushushu bamanzi
Iqondo lokushisa lamanzi linefuthe elibonakalayo ekusetyenzisweni ngamachiza, kunye namanzi amaqondo obushushu asezantsi asebusika
inefuthe elikhulu kwi-SET PROPITION, ekhokelela ekuqulunqweni kwe-flocs ezinemifanekiso enamachaphaza amahle kunye nokukhulula. Esona sizathu siphambili:
I-hydrolysis ye-Inorgansic I-InOrgannel I-Coloulnts yindlela yokuphendula ye-Endothermic, kunye ne-hydrolysis yamaqondo obushushu asezantsi amanzi aphantsi anobushushu.
I-viscosity yamanzi amaqondo obushushu aphantsi inkulu, eyenza brown intshukumo ye-brown ye
Amanzi kwaye anciphise ithuba lokungqubana, okungahambelaniyo nokuthatyathwa kunye nokudityaniswa kweecolloids kwaye kuchaphazela ukukhula kweefloc.
Xa ubushushu bamanzi buphantsi, i-hydration yamasuntswana ecocidal iyaphuculwa, ethintela ubumbano lwamasuntswana e-Colloidal, kwaye ikwachaphazela amandla okunamathela phakathi kwamasuntswana e-colloidal.
Iqondo lobushushu lamanzi lihambelana ne-PH yamanzi. Xa ubushushu bamanzi buphantsi, ukubaluleka kweqondo lobushushu liphantsi, ixabiso le-pH lamanzi liyanda, kwaye ixabiso elifanelekileyo le-hle elihambelana ne-hleyo liya kwanda. Ke ngoko, ebusika kwimimandla ebandayo, kunzima ukufumana isiphumo esihle sokudibana nokuba imali enkulu yongezwa.
I-2. PH noAlkality
Ixabiso le-pH sisiphawuli sokuba amanzi athile i-acidic okanye i-alkaline, oko kukuthi, isalathiso se-H + gxininise emanzini. Ixabiso le-pH lamanzi eziluhlaza lichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo indlela yokugcina i-hydrolysis, oko kukuthi, xa ixabiso le-PH amanzi elihlaza likuluhlu oluthile, isiphumo esithile sinokuqinisekiswa.
Xa umnyango ongezelelweyo kuwo wamanzi, ugxininiso lwe-H + ukugxininiswa kwamanzi ngenxa ye-hydrolysis ye-hydrolysis ye-hydrolysis ye-chydrolynt, ebangela ukuba ixabiso le-PH liye lehla kwaye lisithintele i-hydrolysis. Ukugcina i-PH kuluhlu olufanelekileyo, amanzi kufuneka abe nezinto zaneleyo ze-alkali ukuba azibambe i-H +. Amanzi endalo aqulethe inqanaba elithile le-alkality (ihlala i-HCO3-), ethi ingenelele i-H + eveliswe ngexesha le-hydrolysis yomlo we-hydrolysis, kwaye inefuthe kwixabiso le-pH. Xa i-alkalinity ye-alkality yamanzi ayonelanga okanye i-COUGLARE ininzi kakhulu, ixabiso le-pH lamanzi liya kuhla kakuhle, litshabalalise isiphumo sokudibanisa.
I-3. Impembelelo yendalo kunye nokuxinana kwamanzi
Ubungakanani bentsalela kunye nokuphathwa kwee-SS emanzini kuya kuchaphazela isiphumo sokudibanisa. Ngokubanzi, isuntswana incinci incinci kwaye iyunifomu, kwaye isiphumo sokuhamba sihlwempuzekile; Ukugxininiswa kwesuntswana emanzini kuphantsi, kwaye amathuba okungqubana kwethagethi incinci, engalunganga ngenxa yokuhlanjwa; Xa i-turbidity inkulu, ukuze ikwazise i-colloid emanzini, ukusela ngekhemikhali okufunekayo kuya kukhula kakhulu. Xa inani elikhulu lezinto eziphilayo likhona emanzini, linokubekwa ngamasuntswana adongwe, ngalo lonke ixesha litshintsha iimpawu ze-colofal yentsusa, ezenza ukuba amasuntswana e-colloidal azinzileyo ngakumbi, oya kuchaphazela kakhulu isiphumo sokudibanisa. Ngeli xesha, i-oxidant kufuneka yongezwe emanzini ukutshabalalisa iziphumo zezinto eziphilayo, ziphucule isiphumo sokudibana.
Iityuwa ezincitshisiweyo emanzini zinokuchaphazela isiphumo sokudibanisa. Umzekelo, xa isixa esikhulu se-calcium kunye nee-IOGINAM ze-magnesis zikhona kumanzi endalo, ilungele ukuhlangana, ngelixa isixa esikhulu se-CL- ayihambelani ekuhlaleni. Ngexesha lexesha lesikhukula, amanzi aphezulu e-tusbiding enamanzi amaninzi e-humus engena kwisityalo ngenxa yokupheliswa kwamanzi emvula, kunye ne-pre-the-chlorition kunye nedontrage ye-pre-chaphaza esetyenzisiweyo isekwe koku.
4. Impembelelo yeemeko zolondolozo lwamanzi zangaphandle
Iimeko ezisisiseko zokudityaniswa kweecolloidal amasuntswana kufuneka atshabalalise amasuntswana e-colloidal, kunye nokwenza amasuntswana e-colloidal achithekileyo ahlukane nomnye. Owona msebenzi ophambili wokucoca i-coulant yenzekalisa amasuntswana e-colloidal, kwaye ukuphazamiseka kwangaphandle kwe-hyloulic kukuqinisekisa ukuba amasuntswana e-colloidal anokuqhakamshelana ngokupheleleyo no-Coollodal, ukuze amasuntswana e-colloidal angqubana neflow.
Ukwenzela ukuba amasuntswana e-colloidal uqhagamshelane ngokupheleleyo nomntu ocombululayo, i-cogalant kufuneka ihambe ngokukhawuleza kwaye ichithwe njengamalungu omzimba wamanzi emva kokuba ifakwe kumzimba wamanzi, efunekayo kwimizuzwana emi-10 ukuya kwengama-30 kwaye akukho mizuzwana ithile.
I-5. Impembelelo yoMthwalo wefuthe
Ukothuka kwamanzi kubhekisele kumanzi athile okanye angapheliyo amanzi aluhlaza, atshintsha ngequbuliso. Ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi asezidolophini kunye nohlengahlengiso lwevolumu yamanzi e-pupream iya kuchaphazela indawo yokubonelela ngamanzi ehlotyeni, eyenza ukuba kulungiswe amanzi kumhlaba weechemicals. Kwaye isiphumo samanzi emva kokuba i-thy ingenakulunga kakhulu. Kufanelekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba olu tshintsho alunyusi ngefowuni. Emva koko, nikela ingqalelo yokujonga i-alum kwitanki yokuphendula, ukuze ungatshabalali isiphumo sokudibanisa ngenxa yedosi egqithisileyo.
6. IflocculantUkugcina amanyathelo
Ukongeza kwezi zinto zilapha ngasentla, kukho amanyathelo okuthintela iziyobisi, njengokukhulisa inani lamaxesha okuvuselela iphuli yelifa, ukunciphisa ichiza eliqinileyo lamachiza, ukulinganisa ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi.
Ukuba i-polyacyrnide ifuna ukugcina iindleko ezisetyenzisiweyo, kuyimfuneko ukukhetha imodeli efanelekileyo. Umgaqo kukukhetha i-polyacrysamlasside yesona siphumo sonyango, obiza kakhulu, kwaye ungazami ukuba nexabiso eliphantsi kakhulu ukuze ubangele unyango lwamanzi amdaka, kodwa ukonyusa indleko. Khetha iarhente engaphumi nje kuphela umswakama we-Sludge, kodwa ithole imithamo ye-arhente yeyunithi. Yenza izilingo zokuziphindezela kwisampulu yamachiza amayeza, khetha iintlobo ezimbini okanye ezintathu zeyeza ezinesiphumo esihle, uze wenze uvavanyo kumatshini wokugcina isiphumo sokugqibela.
I-Polyacyracyside ngamasuntswana aqinileyo. Kufuneka ilungiselelwe isisombululo se-aqueus kunye ne-smoobing ethile. Uxinzelelo luhlala luphakathi kwe-0.1% kunye ne-0.3%. Igxile kakhulu okanye incinci kakhulu iya kuchaphazela isiphumo, ichithe ichiza, inyusa iindleko, kwaye ichithe i-Gralling Polymerization. Amanzi ento kufuneka acoceke (njengamanzi empompo), hayi ukuntywila. Amanzi kubushushu begumbi kwanele, ngokubanzi akukho moya wokufudumeza uyafuneka. Xa iqondo lobushushu lamanzi lingaphantsi kwe-5 ° C, ukutshitshiswa kukonakaliswa kakhulu, kwaye isantya sokuchitheka siyakhawuleziswa xa ubushushu bamanzi buyanyuka. Kodwa ngaphezulu kwe-40 ℃ iyakukhawulezisa ukonakaliswa kwePolymer kwaye ichaphazele isiphumo sokusetyenziswa. Ngokubanzi, amanzi empompo afanelekile ukulungiselela izisombululo zePolymer. I-acid eyomeleleyo, i-alkali eyomeleleyo, amanzi aphezulu etyuwa ayifanelekanga ukulungiselela.
Nika ingqalelo ixesha lokunyanga xa ulungiselela iarhente, ukuze iarhente ingachithwa ngokupheleleyo emanzini kwaye ingaphazanyiswa, kungenjalo ayizukubangela inkangala, kodwa ikwachaphazela nemveliso yodaka. Ilaphu lefilitha kunye nepayiphu linokuthathela ingqalelo ukubhloka, kukhokelela kwinkunkuma ephindaphindiweyo. Nje ukuba ifakwe kwisisombululo, ixesha lokugcina lilinganiselwe. Ngokubanzi, xa isisombululo sesisombululo yi-0.1%, isisombululo se-bionic polymer akufuneki sidlule kwiveki enye, kwaye isisombululo se-cullic polymer akufuneki sidlule usuku olunye.
Emva kokulungiswa kwearhente, ngexesha lenkqubo yedosi, nikela ingqalelo kutshintsho lomgangatho wodaka kunye nefuthe lodaka, kwaye ulungelelanise umthamo wearhente ngexesha lokufezekisa umyinge we-dosiod.
Iyeza kufuneka ligcinwe kwindawo yokugcina izinto ezomileyo, kwaye ibhegi yamayeza kufuneka itywinwe. Ukusetyenziswa, sebenzisa kangangoko kunokwenzeka, kwaye utywine iyeza elingasetyenziswanga ukunqanda ukufuma. Kumingeni lweendawo zamayeza, ukhathalelo kufuneka luthathelwe ingqalelo kangangoko kunokwenzeka, kwaye ulwelo olubekwe ixesha elide luyindlela ehamba ngokulula kwaye ayisakwazi ukusetyenziswa.
Izixhobo eziqhutywa kakuhle, abasebenzi beNgeniso yeNgeniso, kunye nabangcono emva kweenkonzo zokuthengisa; Sikwangusapho oluphambili oluphambili, nabani na uhlala nexabiso lombutho "ukunxulumana, ukuzimisela, ukunyamezelana" kwiicati zeI-polyacybuslamI-Wlocculamidide Adiic Cuoric Creacic Prounic Polyaczrylamide, sibamkeli ngokufudumeleyo base Buddis kuzo zonke iindawo zokuhamba ngemihla ngemihla ukuze sizingenise intsebenziswano kunye ne-slyendid.
Iicawe zonyango lwamachiza ase China kunye neNkunkuma, kunye namandla aqinileyo kunye nekhredithi ethembekileyo, silapha ukuba sisebenze abathengi bethu ngokubonelela ngeyona nkxaso iphezulu kunye nenkonzo yakho ngokunyaniseka. Siza kuzama ukugcina igama lethu elikhulu njengeyona nto iphambili kumthengisi obalaseleyo emhlabeni. Ukuba unayo nayiphi na imibuzo okanye izimvo, kufunekaNxibelelana nathingokukhululekileyo.
IXESHA LOKUQALA: UNv-04 ukuya ku-022