Amanzi amdaka eshishini amayeza ikakhulu ibandakanya ukuveliswa kwemveliso ye-antibiotic kunye namanzi amdaka emveliso yeziyobisi. Amanzi amdaka eshishini amachiza aquka iindidi ezine: amanzi amdaka e-antibiotic, amanzi amdaka emveliso yamachiza, amayeza okuvelisa amachiza asemachiza asemachini, ukuhlamba amanzi kunye nokuhlamba amanzi amdaka kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokulungiselela. Amanzi amdaka abonakaliswa ngokwakhiwa okukhulu, umxholo ophezulu wezinto eziphezulu, ubuncwane obuphezulu, umbala onzulu, umxholo ophezulu wetyuwa, ngakumbi iipropathi ze-biechemical kunye nokukhutshwa okwenziweyo. Ngamanzi amdaka awona mveliso ekunzima ukunyanga. Ngophuhliso lweshishini lamachiza amachiza amachiza, amanzi amdaka aseburhulumenteni ngokuthe ngcembe baba ngomnye wemithombo yongcoliseko.
1. Indlela yonyango yamanzi amdaka aseburhulumenteni
Iindlela zonyango zamanzi amdaka asebusweni zinokushwankathelwa njenge: Unyango lwekhemikhali lomzimba, unyango lweekhemikhali, indlela ye-bicochemical, indlela yonyango ineengenelo zayo kunye nezinto ezingalunganga.
Unyango lomzimba kunye neekhemikhali
Ngokweempawu ezisemgangathweni zamanzi zamanzi amdaka e-PARMUCOOCATION, unyango lwe-physicochemical kufuneka lusetyenziswe njengonyango lwangaphambi konyango okanye kwinkqubo yonyango lwe-biochimical. Iindlela ezisetyenziswa ngoku zisetyenziswa ngokubonakalayo zibandakanya ukurhweba, i-air fition, i-adsorvor, i-ammonia
ukurhweba
Iteknoloji yonyango lwamanzi isetyenziswe ngokubanzi ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe. Isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kunyango lwangaphambi konyango kunye nonyango lwamanzi amdaka ezonyango, njenge-aluminium sulfate kunye ne-polyfer sulfate ye-Polyfer kunye ne-Polyfer sulfate yamanzi amdaka. Eyona nto iphambili kunyango olusebenzayo kukhetho oluchanekileyo kunye nokongezwa kwee-reaglants ngentsebenzo efanelekileyo. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, umkhombandlela ophuculo kwabameli batshintshile ukusuka kwi-molecular ephantsi ukuya kwi-molesmers ephezulu, kwaye ukusuka kwicandelo elinye ukuya kwi-3]. Liu minghua et al. . Amanqanaba okukhupha yayingama-69.7%, i-96.4% ne-87.5%, ngokulandelelana.
Iflotation yomoya
Iflotation yomoya ngokubanzi ibandakanya iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ezinje ngeflocation ye-aeration, iflethi yomoya, iflethi yomoya yamachiza, kunye nefutha zomoya. Umzi-mveliso we-charmace phamacereletical usebenzisa isixhobo se-caf vortex somoya kwi-Retal Stores yokutshintsha kwamanzi amdaka aphambili. Umgangatho ophakathi wokususa i-COD malunga ne-25% enemichiza efanelekileyo.
Indlela ye-adsorction
I-adsorbents esetyenziswayo isetyenziswa i-carbon esebenzayo, ilahleko esebenzayo, i-humcy acid, i-adsen njalo, njl njl. Iziphumo zibonise ukuba inqanaba lokukhupha i-CoD lokukhulisa i-adsorction yayiyi-41.1%, kwaye umyinge we-Bod5 / we-CoD uphuculwe.
Ukwahlulwa kwe-membrane
Iitekhnoloji ze-membrane zibandakanya ukubuyisela umva i-osmosis, i-nanofillication kunye ne-member membranes ukubuyisela izixhobo eziluncedo kunye nokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwengqondo ngokubanzi. Ezona mpawu ziphambili zale teknoloji zizixhobo ezilula, utyalo-mali ngokulula, akukho tshintsho lwesigaba kunye nokutshintsha kwemichiza, ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokugcinwa kwamandla. Juanna et al. Isetyenziswe i-nanofilicity membranes yokwahlula amanzi amdaka e-cinnamycin. Kwafunyaniswa ukuba isiphumo sokuthintela i-Linjitoycin kwi-microorganisms kumanzi amdaka ancitshiswa, kwaye i-cinnamycin yafunyanwa.
i-electrolysis
Le ndlela ineengenelo zokusebenza kakuhle, ukusebenza okulula kunye nokunye, kunye nefuthe lokuhombisa elenziwe ngombane. I-LI Y Y YIN [8] iqhutywa lwokuphindaphindise i-riboflavin supernatantin, kunye nenqanaba lokukhupha i-COD, i-SS kunye ne-chroma ifikelele kwi-71%, i-8%, kunye ne-67%, ngokwahlukeneyo.
Unyango lweekhemikhali
Xa kusenziwa iindlela zekhemikhali, ukusetyenziswa kakhulu kweerejista ezithile kunokubangela ukungcoliseka kwenqanaba lemizimba yamanzi. Ke ngoko, umsebenzi ofanelekileyo wovavanyo kufuneka wenziwe ngaphambi koyilo. Iindlela zekhemikhali ziquka indlela ye-iron carbon, indlela yeReconx yekhemikhali (i-Fenton Reagent, H2O2, O3), iTekhnoloji ye-Oneration, njl.
Indlela yentsimbi ye-Iron Carbon
Umsebenzi wezamashishini ubonakalisa ukuba usebenzisa inyathelo lokutshintsha kwamanzi amdaka aseburhulumenteni anokuphucula kakhulu i-biodegradiation yamanzi amdaka. Lou Maoxing uses iron-micro-electrolysis-anaerobic-aerobic-air flotation combined treatment to treat the wastewater of pharmaceutical intermediates such as erythromycin and ciprofloxacin. Inqanaba lokukhupha i-CoD emva konyango ngentsimbi kunye nekhabhoni yayingama-20%. %, kunye namanzi amdaka afanelekileyo ahambelana nomgangatho wokuqala weklasi yokuqala 'yokukhupha amanzi amdaka ahlanganisiweyo "(GB8978-1996).
Ukulungiswa kwe-Fenton Reagent
Ukudityaniswa kwetyuwa evuthayo kunye ne-H2O2 ibizwa ngokuba yiFenton Reagent, enokuthi isuse ngokufanelekileyo imeko yezinto eziphilayo ezingenakususwa yitekhnoloji yonyango lwemveli. Ngokukwanda kophando, ukukhanya kwe-Ultraviolet (UV), i-Ososilate (C2O42-), njl. Zaziswa kwisenzo se-oxidation, esiphucukileyo kakhulu. Sebenzisa i-tio2 njenge-catalyst ye-titalyn kunye ne-9W-yoxinzelelo lwe-9w kunye ne-Pemarication i-reagent ye-Fenton, ireyithi yokukhupha i-Fenton, i-bieloriation yayiyi-92.3%, kwaye i-nitroblenzene inciphile ukusuka kwi-8.05mg / l. I-0.41 mg / l.
Oxidation
Indlela inokuphucula i-biodegraphiance yamanzi amdaka kwaye inomgangatho ongcono wokususa i-COD. Umzekelo, iivillaw ezimbini ze-antibiotic ezifana ne-balcioglu zaziphathwa yi-ozone oxidation. Iziphumo zibonise ukuba i-ochoation yamanzi amdaka ayinyusanga kuphela umyinge we-Bod5 / ye-CoD, kodwa nenqanaba le-COD laliphezulu kwe-75%.
Itekhnoloji ye-oxidation
Kwakhona eyaziwa ngokuba yitekhnoloji ye-odvation, idibanisa iziphumo zophando lwamhla, umbane, isandi, izixhobo kunye ne-oxidation ye-elektroniki, i-OneCarical Phakathi kwazo, i-Ultraviolet-I-Ultravitalytitic yeTekhnoloji ye-Oxidation ineengenelo zengcongconi, ekusebenzeni okuphezulu, kwaye kungakhethwanga kumanzi amdaka, kwaye kufanelekile ukonakaliswa kwe-hydrocarbons ezingaphantsi. Xa kuthelekiswa neendlela zonyango ezinje nge-iltraviolet, ishushu, kunye noxinzelelo, unyango lwe-ultrasonic loluntu luqondile kwaye lufuna izixhobo ezingaphezulu kwaye zifuna izixhobo ezingaphezulu kwaye zifuna izixhobo ezingaphezulu kwaye zifuna izixhobo ezingaphezulu kwaye zifuna izixhobo ezingaphezulu kwaye zifuna izixhobo ezingaphezulu kwaye zifuna izixhobo ezingaphezulu. Njengohlobo olutsha lonyango, kuhlawulwe ngakumbi. Xiao Guangquan et al. [13] isebenzise i-Ultrasobic-Aerobic ye-Aerobic BioLogic yokunyanga amayeza amdaka aseburhulumenteni. Unyango lwe-Ultrasonic lwenziwa ama-60 s kwaye amandla e-200 w, kunye nenqanaba le-COD lilonke lamanzi amdaka yayingama-96%.
Unyango lwe-biochemical
Itekhnoloji yoNyango yoNyango yiTekhnoloji yonyango lwamanzi amdaka amaninzi, kubandakanya indlela ye-aerobic yendalo, indlela ye-anaerobic yendalo, kunye nendlela ye-aerobic-aneerobic edibeneyo.
Unyango lwendalo ye-Aerobic
Kuba uninzi lwamanzi amdaka aseburhulumenteni ngamanzi aphezulu aphezulu e-organic, imfuneko yokufumana isisombululo sesitokhwe ngexesha lonyango lwe-aerobic. Ke ngoko, ukusela amandla kuphawuleka, amanzi amdaka anokunyangwa, kwaye kunzima ukukhutshwa ngokuthe ngqo kumgangatho emva konyango lwe-biochimical. Ke, ukusetyenziswa kwe-aerobic yedwa. Zimbalwa iindlela zonyango ezikhoyo kwaye kufuna ukhuseleko ngokubanzi. Iindlela eziqhelekileyo ze-aerobic ze-aerobic zendalo zibandakanya indlela ye-sludge esebenzayo, indlela ye-aepy elungileyo, indlela ye-Adsodepment Indlela (indlela ye-Adsonsert), ukunxibelelana nendlela ye-Bidge Batch (indlela ye-SBHE), ukujikeleza kwendlela evulekileyo ye-SLUATE, njl. (Indlela ye-Cass) njalo njalo.
Indlela ye-aedelelo ye-Onelelo leNtloko
I-aedition ye-aeden elungileyo yinkqubo ehamba ngesantya esiphezulu. Le ndlela inomgangatho ophezulu wokusetyenziswa kwe-OXYGEN, indawo encinci yomgangatho, isiphumo sonyango olulungileyo, utyalomali olusezantsi, indleko ephantsi, akukho slublesgesge kunye ne-slulgeclege kunye ne-slulgecle i-slublege kunye ne-slulgeclege kwaye incinci i-slublege. Ukongeza, iziphumo zayo zokufunyanwa kwe-hermal zilungile, kwaye unyango aluchaphazelekanga kwiimeko zemozulu, ezinokuqinisekisa ukuba ifuthe lonyango lonyango lobusika kwimimandla eNyakatho. Emva kwamanzi amdaka aphezulu ukusuka kumzi-mveliso wasempuma-mpuma wawunyangwa yi-biechemicial ngetanki yokuhambisa i-aech, ireyithi yokukhupha i-COD yafikelela kwi-92.7%. Ingabonwa ukuba ukusebenza kakuhle kuphakame kakhulu, okuyingenelo kakhulu kulowo ulandelayo. Dlala indima yokuthatha isigqibo.
Indlela
Indlela ye-AB yindlela ye-Ultra-umthwalo ophezulu. Inqanaba lokukhupha i-BOD5, cod, i-SS, i-POSPORUS kunye ne-AMMONIA Nitrogen yinkqubo ngokubanzi iphakamile kuneyona nkqubo ye-SLUSP esebenzayo. Inzuzo yayo ebalaseleyo ngumthwalo ophezulu wecandelo, umthwalo ophumeleleyo wokulwa wothuke, kunye nefuthe elikhulu lokuphuma kwixabiso le-pH kunye nezinto ezinetyhefu. Ifaneleke ngakumbi ekunyangeni ukuntywila ngoxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye notshintsho olukhulu kumgangatho wamanzi kunye nenani. Indlela ye-Yang Junshi et al. Sebenzisa i-hydrolysis ye-hydrolysis ye-bibiological yokunyanga amanzi amdaka anyibilikayo, eneenkqubo ezimfutshane zokuhamba, ukugcina amandla, kwaye iindleko zonyango ziphantsi kunendlela yonyango lwamanzi amdaka.
Unxibelelwano lwebhayiloji
Itekhnoloji idibanisa izibonelelo zendlela evulekileyo ye-sludge kunye ne-biofilm, kwaye inezibonelelo zoMthwalo oPhezulu, ukuSebenzisa uMyisi, ukusebenza kwefuthe, ukusebenza kwezinzile kunye nolawulo olufanelekileyo. Iiprojekthi ezininzi zokwamkela indlela yesibini yenqanaba, ijolise kububanzi bendawo yendawo, beka ukudlala ngokupheleleyo kwimpembelelo ye-microbial eqhelekileyo, kunye nokuphucula iziphumo ze-biochemical kunye nokuchasana nokothusi. Kubunjineli, ukugaya i-anaerobic kunye ne-aciditions kuhlala kusetyenziswa njengenyathelo lokuphambuka, kwaye inkqubo yoqhakamshelwano isetyenziselwa ukuphatha amanzi amdaka amayeza. I-Harbin Pormer Pmemation Spirication yamkela i-hydrolysis acifition-tyhological ye-Biological Audation Inkqubo yokuphatha amanzi amdaka amayeza. Iziphumo zomsebenzi zibonisa ukuba isiphumo sonyango sizinzile kwaye indibaniselwano yenkqubo isengqiqweni. Ngokukhula ngokuthe ngcembe kwitekhnoloji yenkqubo, amasimi wesicelo akhula ngakumbi.
Indlela ye-sbr
Indlela ye-SRB ineengenelo zokunganyangeki kothusayo, i-sludge ephezulu, akukho mfuneko yendlela yokuqhuma, imali eguqulweyo, ireferensi ephantsi, kunye nokususwa okuhle kunye nokususwa okuhle kunye nokususwa okuhle kunye nokususwa okuhle kunye nokususwa okuhle kunye nokususwa okuhle kunye nokususwa kwephossirus. . Ukuguquguquka amanzi amdaka. Uvavanyo kunyango lwamanzi amdaka e-chirb yinkqubo ye-SBR ibonisa ukuba ixesha lokulinganisa linempembelelo enkulu kwifuthe lonyango lwenkqubo; Ukuseta kwamacandelo athambileyo, ngakumbi uyilo oluphindiweyo lwe-anaerobic kunye ne-aerobic, inokuphucula kakhulu isiphumo sonyango; I-SBR iphuculwe unyango lwe-PAC Inkqubo inokuphucula kakhulu isiphumo sokukhupha inkqubo. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, inkqubo iye yagqibelela kwaye isetyenziswa kakhulu kunyango lwamanzi amdaka aseburhulumenteni.
Unyango lwe-anaerobic
Okwangoku, unyango lwamanzi amdaka aphezulu e-organic ekhaya nakwelinye ilizwe ikakhulu isekwe kwindlela ye-Anaerobic, kodwa amanzi amdaka asekhona emva konyango lwendlela eyahlukeneyo ye-aerobic (efana nonyango lwendalo) lufuneka ngokubanzi. Okwangoku, kuseyimfuneko ukomeleza ukuphuculwa kunye noyilo lwe-anaerobic esebenzayo, kunye nophando olunzulu kwiimeko zokusebenza. Ezona zicelo ziphumeleleyo kunyango lwamanzi amdaka asemanzini yi-Aaerobic Anaerobic Sludge (i-UASB), ibhedi ye-anaerobic), i-Aaerobic Colposite (i-Aaerobic), i-ABDROLINCE, njl.
UMthetho we-UASB
I-reactor ye-UASB ineengenelo zokugaya okuphakathi komgangatho ophakamileyo, ulwakhiwo olulula, ixesha elifutshane lehydraulic ixesha, kwaye akukho sidingo sesixhobo seSredge eyahlukileyo. When UASB is used in the treatment of kanamycin, chlorin, VC, SD, glucose and other pharmaceutical production wastewater, the SS content is usually not too high to ensure that the COD removal rate is above 85% to 90%. Inqanaba le-COD lokukhupha inqanaba le-UASG le-UASS elinokufikelela ngaphezulu kwe-90%.
Indlela ye-UBF
Thenga i-shening et al. Uvavanyo lokuthelekisa lwenziwe kwi-UASB kunye ne-UBF. Iziphumo zibonisa ukuba i-UBF ineempawu zokudluliselwa kwesininzi kunye nokwahlula-hlula, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zebhayoloji kunye nokulungisa okuneleyo, kunye nokusebenza okuqinileyo. I-OXYGN BIORACCTOCTOCTOCT.
Hydrolysis kunye ne-acifidition
Itanki ye-hydrolysis ibizwa ngokuba yi-hydrolyzded sludge ibhedi (i-SUSB) kwaye yi-UASB eguqulweyo. Xa kuthelekiswa netanki elipheleleyo le-ANAEROBIC, itanki ye-hydrolysis inezi zinto zilandelayo: Akukho sidingo sokutywina, akukho skirrator ezintathu, esebenza kulondolozo; Ingakhathalela i-tegramelecules kunye nezinto ezingenanto ezingenamisebenzi zokuntywila kwiimolekyuli ezincinci. Umcimbi ofanelekileyo we-biodegrady uphucula u-biodegradiance wamanzi aluhlaza; Impendulo ihamba ngokukhawuleza, ivolumu yetanki incinci, utyalomali lokwakha kwemali luncinci, kwaye ivolumu ye-SLUTY incitshisiwe. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, inkqubo ye-hydrobic-aerobic isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kunyango lwamanzi amdaka aseburhulumenteni. Umzekelo, umzi-mveliso we-biopharmaceutical usebenzisa i-hydrolytic aci diroction-gestilogical bhayimu yoqhakamshelwano lwenkqubo yokuphatha amanzi amdaka aseburhulumenteni. Umsebenzi uzinzo kwaye isiphumo sokukhupha izinto eziphilayo kuyaphawuleka. Amanqanaba okususa i-CoD, i-BOD5 ss kunye ne-SS yayingama-90.7%, i-92.4% ne-87.6%, ngokulandelelana.
Inkqubo yonyango lwe-Aaerobic-Aerobic
Ukusukela unyango lwe-aerobic okanye unyango lwe-anaerobic lodwa alunakuhlangabezana neemfuno, iinkqubo ezihlanganisiweyo ezinjenge-Anaerobic-Aerobic Acidic, ukunyangwa kwe-aerobic-i-aerobic-i-aerobic-ukunyangwa, iindleko zotyalo-mali kunye namanzi amdaka. Isetyenziswe ngokubanzi ngokwenziwa kwezobunjineli ngenxa yokusebenza kwendlela enye yokuqhuba. Umzekelo, umzi-mveliso wasemachiza usebenzisa inkqubo ye-anaerobic-aerobic yokuphatha amanzi amdaka aseburhulumenteni, umyinge wokususa i-Bod5 ngama-98%, inqanaba lokukhupha i-COD ngama-95%, kwaye isiphumo sonyango sizinzile. Inkqubo ye-Microlylysis-e-Aneerolysis-scocires-sbr isetyenziselwa ukuphatha amanzi amdaka ekhemikhali. Iziphumo zibonisa ukuba lonke iinkqubo zokuphucula ifuthe kulungelelwaniso oluqinileyo kutshintsho lomgangatho wamanzi kunye nobungakanani, kunye nenqanaba le-COD, kunye ne-POD STEPINIT ingafikelela kwi-96% yenkqubo yokuhambisa amanzi amdaka amachiza. -I-OKidation Oxidation-uqhagamshelane nenkqubo ye-oxibetion. Xa i-CoD yempembelelo imalunga ne-12 000 mg / L, i-cod yamanzi amdaka ingaphantsi kwe-300 mg / l; Inqanaba lokususa lwe-COD kwimilinganiselo ye-bigoceutical ye-bioduceutical ephathwe yi-biofilm-sbby indlela yokufikelela kwi-87.5% ~ 98.31%, engaphezulu kwendlela yokusebenzisa i-biofilm kunye nendlela ye-SBR.
Ukongeza, ngokuphuhliswa okuqhubekayo kwetekhnoloji ye-memnene, i-UPROFICAT ye-membrane bioreactor (i-MBR) kunyango lwamanzi amdaka asemachiza ikhula ngokuthe ngcembe. I-MBR idibanisa iimpawu zetekhnoloji yokwahlulahlulahlulahlula itekhnoloji ye-membrane, kwaye ineengenelo zomthwalo ophezulu, ukumelana nefuthe eliqatha, kunye ne-sludrist encinci. Inkqubo ye-Anaerobic Membrane bioreactor yayisetyenziselwa ukuphatha i-Acid ye-Acid ye-Acid ye-Acid ye-Acid ye-Acid ye-Acid ye-25 000 mg / l. Izinga lokususa kwe-CoD lenkqubo lihlala lingaphezulu kwe-90%. Okokuqala ngqa, amandla e-bacteria ukuba afumane i-Degrade into ethile yezinto eziphilayo. Ababhayili be-membrane abaziingcali basetyenziselwa ukuphatha amanzi amdaka amashishini ane-3,4-dichloililine. I-Hrt yayiyi-2 h, ireyithi yokukhupha yafikelela kwi-99%, kwaye iziphumo ezifanelekileyo zonyango zafunyanwa. Ngaphandle kwengxaki yokungcola kwe-membrane, kunye nophuhliso oluqhubekayo lwetekhnoloji ye-membrane, i-MBR iya kusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwicandelo lemihlaba yamanzi amdaka asemachini.
I-2. Inkqubo yonyango kunye nokukhetha amanzi amdaka amachiza
Iimpawu ezisemgangathweni zamanzi zeminqamlezo efihlakeleyo yamayeza zenza ukuba kungabikho zamanzi amdaka amaninzi ukuya kunyango lwe-biochemical kuphela, ke kufuneka impahle yonyango lwe-biochemical. Ngokubanzi, itanki elawulayo kufuneka isethwe ukuze ihlengahlengise umgangatho wamanzi kunye nexabiso le-pH, kwaye indlela ye-physigochemical okanye yekhemikhali kufuneka isetyenziswe njengeyona meko ingumanzi omdaka, kwaye iphucule ukonakaliswa kwamanzi amdaka. ukuqhuba unyango olulandelayo lwe-biochemical yamanzi amdaka.
Amanzi amdaka aphambili anokuphathwa ngeenkqubo ze-ANAEROBIC kunye ne-aerobic ngokwemiqondiso esemgangathweni yamanzi. Ukuba iimfuno ezinamanzi amlingane ziphezulu, inkqubo yokunyanga i-aerobic kufuneka iqhubeke emva kwenkqubo yonyango lwe-aerobic. Ukukhethwa kwenkqubo ethile kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo ngendlela enjengohlobo lwamanzi amdaka, isiphumo sonyango lwenkqubo, utyalomali kwiziseko zophuhliso, kunye nokugcinwa kunye noqoqosho. Yonke indlela yenkqubo yinkqubo edityanisiweyo ye-preyporic-Anaerobic-Aerobic- (unyango lwasemva). Inkqubo edibeneyo ye-hydrolysis ye-adsorction-uqhagamshelo lwe-oxidation-prolling lusetyenziselwa ukuphatha amanzi amdaka afanelekileyo e-Insulin.
3. Ukusetyenziswa kwakhona kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezinto eziluncedo kumanzi amdaka asebusweni
Ukukhuthaza ukuveliswa kwemveliso ecocekileyo kumzi-mveliso wamachiza, ukuphucula izinga lokusetyenziswa kwezinto ezingafunekiyo, izinga lokubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo lweemveliso eziphakathi kunye neemveliso, kunye nokunciphisa ungcoliseko kwinkqubo yemveliso. Ngenxa yobunye beenkqubo ezithile zemveliso yamayeza, amanzi amdaka aqukethe inani elikhulu lezixhobo ezinokuphinda zisebenze. Ukuphathwa kwempatho yamanzi amdaka afanaleyo, inyathelo lokuqala kukuqinisa ukubuyela kwimeko yesixhobo kunye nokusetyenziswa ngokupheleleyo. Kumgangatho wamanzi aphakathi aphakathi kunye nomxholo wetyuwa yase-Ammonium ophakamileyo kwi-5% ukuya kwi-10%, ifilimu eqingqiweyo isetyenziselwa ukubuyela umva (NH4) kunye neqhina elininzi lama-30%. Sebenzisa njengesichumisi okanye ukuphinda usebenzise kwakhona. Izibonelelo zoqoqosho ziyabonakala; Inkampani ye-tekmermaceutical ephezulu isebenzisa indlela yokuhlambela ukunyanga amanzi amdaka emveliso nge-formaldehydehydehyde. Emva kokuba i-formaldehyde igesi ifunyenwe, inokuchongwa kwi-regent esemthethweni okanye itshiswe njengomthombo wobushushu obutshisayo. Ngokubuyiselwa kweFomaldehyde, ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezinokuzinza kunokufezekiswa, kwaye iindleko zotyalo-mali zesikhululo sikanyango zinokufunyanwa ngeminyaka emi-4 ukuya kweli-5, zikuqonda ukudityaniswa kwezibonelelo zendalo kunye nezibonelelo zoqoqosho. Nangona kunjalo, ukwakhiwa kwamanzi amdaka aseburhulumenteni kubalulekile, kunzima ukuphinda isebenze, inkqubo yokubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo inzima, kwaye indleko iphezulu. Ke ngoko, itekhnoloji yonyango esebenzayo nefanelekileyo ye-Fecalaciage sisitshixo sokusombulula ngokupheleleyo ingxaki yokuntywila.
4 ISIQINISEKISO
Kukho iingxelo ezininzi kunyango lwamanzi amdaka aseburhulumenteni. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokwahluka kwezinto ezingafunekiyo kunye neenkqubo kwishishini lamayeza, umgangatho wamanzi amdaka uyahluka ngokubanzi. Ke ngoko, akukho ndlela ivuthiweyo kunye neyamanyeneyo yendlela yamanzi amdaka amayeza. Yeyiphi indlela yokuzikhethela ixhomekeke kumanzi amdaka. indalo. Ngokweempawu zamanzi amdaka, ukutshintshwa ngokubanzi kuyacelwa ukuba kuphuculwe i-biodegraphiance yamanzi amdaka, asuse kuqala ukungcola, aze emva koko adibanise unyango lwe-biochemical. Okwangoku, ukuphuculwa kwesixhobo soqoqosho kunye nempumelelo sonyango yingxaki engxamisekileyo ekufuneka isonjululwe.
Umzi-mvelisoChi amakhamamikhaliI-Anioanic Pam Pam Polymer Polymer i-Polymer i-Polymer eDolcmer, i-chitosan, i-chitosan powde, i-dafoam, i-dafoam, i-dafoam, polylinolyte, UPam, Polynacymacle, Polydadmac, Pdaadmac, i-Polyamine, asinikeli nje umgangatho ophezulu kubathengi bethu, kodwa okona kubaluleke kakhulu ngulondolono lwethu olukhulu ngakumbi kunye nexabiso lokuthengisa.
I-ODM i-china Pina, i-Anianic Polyacrylamlam, i-HPAM, i-PHA, inkampani yethu isekwe kumgaqo-siseko owenziwa ingqibelelo, owenziwayo, abantu abaziintsebenziswano ". Siyathemba ukuba sinokuba nolwalamano olunobuhlobo noShishino ovela kwihlabathi liphela.
Igqitywe kwi-baidsu.
I-Post Time: Aug-15 ukuya ku-522