Xu Daring 1,2, Zhang Zhongzhi 2, Jiang Hao 1, Ma Zhigang 1
(1. Beijing Guoneng Zhongdian ulondolozo lwamandla kunye neTekhnoloji yoKhuseleko lokusiNgqongileyo Co., Ltd., Beijing 100022; 2. IYunivesithi yaseTshayina yePetroleum (eBeijing), eBeijing 102249)
Isishwankathelo: kwicandelo lonyango lwamanzi amdaka kunye nenkunkuma, i-PAC kunye ne-PAM zisetyenziswa kakhulu njenge-flocculants eziqhelekileyo kunye nezixhobo zokuncedisa i-coagulant. Eli phepha lazisa isiphumo sokusetyenziswa kunye nemeko yophando lwe-pac-pam kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo, lichaza ngokufutshane ukuqonda kunye neembono zabaphandi abahlukeneyo malunga nokudibanisa i-pac-pam, kwaye lihlalutya ngokubanzi iimfuno zokusetyenziswa kunye nemigaqo ye-pac-pam phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo zovavanyo kunye neemeko zentsimi. Ngokweziphumo zomxholo kunye nohlalutyo lophononongo, eli phepha libonisa umgaqo wangaphakathi we-pac-pam osetyenziswa kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza, kwaye libonisa ukuba ukuhlanganiswa kwe-PAC kunye ne-PAM nako kuneziphene, kwaye indlela yokusetyenziswa kwayo kunye nomthamo kufuneka kugqitywe ngokwemeko ethile.
Amagama angundoqo: i-polyaluminium chloride; i-Polyacrylamide; Unyango lwamanzi; i-Flocculation
0 Intshayelelo
Kwicandelo lemizi-mveliso, ukusetyenziswa okudibeneyo kwe-polyaluminium chloride (PAC) kunye ne-polyacrylamide (PAM) ukunyanga amanzi amdaka kunye nenkunkuma efanayo kuye kwakheka uthotho lwetekhnoloji oluvuthiweyo, kodwa indlela esebenza ngayo ngokudibeneyo ayicacanga, kwaye umlinganiselo wedosi kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo nawo wahlukile.
Eli phepha lihlalutya ngokupheleleyo inani elikhulu leencwadi ezifanelekileyo ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe, lishwankathela indlela edibeneyo ye-PAC kunye ne-PAC, kwaye lenze izibalo ezipheleleyo kwizigqibo ezahlukeneyo ezifunyenweyo kunye nefuthe lokwenyani le-PAC kunye ne-PAM kumashishini ahlukeneyo, nto leyo ebaluleke kakhulu kuphando olongezelelweyo kwiinkalo ezinxulumene noko.
1. Umzekelo wophando lwasekhaya lwe-pac-pam
Isiphumo sokudibanisa i-PAC kunye ne-PAM sisetyenziswa kuzo zonke iinkalo zobomi, kodwa idosi kunye neendlela zonyango ezixhasayo zahlukile kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza kunye neendawo zonyango.
1.1 amanzi amdaka asekhaya kunye nodaka lukamasipala
UZhao Yueyang (2013) kunye nabanye bavavanye isiphumo sokujiya kwe-PAM njengoncedo lokujiya kwi-PAC kunye ne-PAFC ngokusebenzisa indlela yovavanyo lwangaphakathi. Olu vavanyo lufumanise ukuba isiphumo sokujiya kwe-PAC emva kokujiya kwe-PAM sande kakhulu.
UWang Mutong (2010) kunye nabanye bafunde ngempembelelo yonyango lwe-PAC + PA kumjelo wamanzi amdaka wasekhaya edolophini, baza bafunda ngokusebenza kakuhle kokususwa kwe-COD kunye nezinye izalathisi ngokusebenzisa iimvavanyo ze-orthogonal.
ULin yingzi (2014) nabanye. Bafunde ngesiphumo sokujiya kwe-PAC kunye ne-PAM kwi-algae kwisityalo sonyango lwamanzi. UYang Hongmei (2017) nabanye. Bafunde ngesiphumo sonyango sokusetyenziswa ngokudibeneyo kumanzi amdaka e-kimchi, kwaye bacinga ukuba ixabiso le-pH elifanelekileyo yayiyi-6.
UFu peiqian (2008) nabanye. Bafunde ngesiphumo se-composite flocculant esetyenziswa ukuphinda kusetyenziswe amanzi. Ngokulinganisa iziphumo zokususwa kokungcola okufana ne-turbidity, i-TP, i-COD kunye ne-phosphate kwiisampuli zamanzi, kufunyaniswe ukuba i-composite flocculant inesiphumo esihle sokususwa kuzo zonke iintlobo zokungcola.
UCao Longtian (2012) kunye nabanye basebenzise indlela ye-composite flocculation ukusombulula iingxaki zesantya sokucotha kokusabela, ii-flocs ezikhanyayo kunye nobunzima bokuntywila kwinkqubo yokunyanga amanzi eMntla-mpuma weTshayina ngenxa yobushushu obuphantsi ebusika.
ULiu Hao (2015) nabanye. Bafunde ngesiphumo sonyango lwe-composite flocculant kwi-sedimentation enzima kunye nokumiswa kokunciphisa ukufuma kwi-lindle yasekhaya, baza bafumanisa ukuba ukongeza inani elithile le-PAM flocculate ngelixa ukongeza i-PAM kunye ne-PAC kunokukhuthaza isiphumo sonyango lokugqibela.
1.2 ukuprinta nokudaya amanzi amdaka kunye nokwenza amaphepha amanzi amdaka
UZhang Lanhe (2015) nabanye. Bafunde ngesiphumo sokudibanisa i-chitosan (CTS) kunye ne-coagulant kunyango lwamanzi amdaka ephepha, baza bafumanisa ukuba kungcono ukongeza i-chitosan.
Amazinga okususwa kweCOD kunye ne-turbidity anyuswe nge-13.2% kunye ne-5.9%.
UXie Lin (2010) uhlolisise impembelelo yonyango oludibeneyo lwe-PAC kunye ne-PAM lwamanzi amdaka okwenza iphepha.
ULiu Zhiqiang (2013) kunye nabanye basebenzise i-PAC kunye ne-PAC composite flocculant eyenziwe ngokwabo edityaniswe ne-ultrasonic ukunyanga ukuprinta kunye nokudaya amanzi amdaka. Kwagqitywa kwelokuba xa ixabiso le-pH liphakathi kwe-11 kunye ne-13, i-PAC yongezwa kuqala yaza yaxutywa imizuzu emi-2, yaza emva koko yongezwa i-PAC yaza yaxutywa imizuzu emi-3, umphumo wonyango waba ngowona ulungileyo.
UZhou Danni (2016) kunye nabanye bafunde isiphumo sonyango lwe-PAC + PAM kumjelo wamanzi amdaka wasekhaya, bathelekisa isiphumo sonyango lwe-accelerator yebhayoloji kunye ne-antidote yebhayoloji, baza bafumanisa ukuba i-PAC + PAM yayingcono kunendlela yonyango lwebhayoloji ekususeni ioyile, kodwa i-PAC + PAM yayingcono kakhulu kunendlela yonyango lwebhayoloji kwityhefu yomgangatho wamanzi.
UWang Zhizhi (2014) nabanye. Bafunde indlela yokunyanga yokwenza iphepha ngokusebenzisa amanzi amdaka aphakathi nge-PAC + PAM coagulation njengenxalenye yendlela. Xa idosi ye-PAC ingama-250 mg / L, idosi ye-PAM yi-0.7 mg / L, kwaye ixabiso le-pH liphantse lingathathi cala, izinga lokususwa kwe-COD lifikelela kuma-68%.
UZuo Weiyuan (2018) kunye nabanye bafunde baza bathelekisa isiphumo se-flocculation esixutyiweyo se-Fe3O4 / PAC / PAM. Uvavanyo lubonisa ukuba xa umlinganiselo wezintathu uyi-1:2:1, isiphumo sonyango sokuprinta nokudaya amanzi amdaka sesona silungileyo.
U-LV sine (2010) nabanye. Bafunde ngesiphumo sonyango se-PAC + PAM indibaniselwano kumanzi amdaka aphakathi. Uphando lubonisa ukuba isiphumo se-composite flocculation singcono kakhulu kwindawo ene-asidi (pH 5). Idosi ye-PAC yi-1200 mg / L, idosi ye-PAM yi-120 mg / L, kwaye izinga lokususwa kwe-cod lingaphezulu kwe-60%.
1.3 Amanzi amdaka eekhemikhali zamalahle kunye namanzi amdaka okucoca
UYang Lei (2013) nabanye. Bafunde ngesiphumo sokujiya kwe-PAC + PAM kunyango lwamanzi amdaka kushishino lwamalahle, bathelekisa intsalela ye-turbidity phantsi kwemilinganiselo eyahlukeneyo, baza banika idosi elungisiweyo ye-PAM ngokwe-turbidity yokuqala eyahlukileyo.
UFang Xiaoling (2014) kunye nabanye bathelekise isiphumo sokujiya kwe-PAC + Chi kunye ne-PAM kumanzi amdaka e-refinery. Bagqibe kwelokuba i-PAC + Chi yayinesiphumo esingcono sokujiya kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokususa i-COD. Iziphumo zovavanyo zibonise ukuba ixesha elifanelekileyo lokuxubha yayiyimizuzu eli-10 kwaye ixabiso le-pH elifanelekileyo yayiyi-7.
UDeng Lei (2017) nabanye. Bafunde ngesiphumo se-flocculation se-PAC + PAM kumanzi amdaka okumba, kwaye izinga lokususwa kwe-COD lifikelele ngaphezulu kwe-80%.
UWu Jinhua (2017) nabanye. Bafunde ngonyango lwamanzi amdaka ekhemikhali yamalahle ngokuwajiya. I-PAC yi-2 g / L kwaye i-PAM yi-1 mg / L. uvavanyo lubonisa ukuba ixabiso le-pH elingcono yi-8.
UGuo Jinling (2009) nabanye. Bafunde ngesiphumo sonyango lwamanzi se-composite flocculation baza bacinga ukuba isiphumo sokususa sasingcono kakhulu xa idosi ye-PAC yayiyi-24 mg / L kwaye i-PAM yayiyi-0.3 mg / L.
ULin Lu (2015) nabanye. Bafunde ngesiphumo se-flocculation se-pac-pam combination kwi-oyile e-emulsified equkethe amanzi amdaka phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo, baza bathelekisa isiphumo se-flocculant enye. Idosi yokugqibela yile: PAC 30 mg / L, pam6 mg / L, ubushushu obuphakathi obuyi-40 ℃, ixabiso le-pH elingathathi cala kunye nexesha lokutsalwa kwenkunkuma ngaphezulu kwemizuzu engama-30. Phantsi kweemeko ezilungileyo kakhulu, ukusebenza kakuhle kokususwa kwe-COD kufikelela malunga ne-85%.
2 isiphelo kunye neengcebiso
Umxube we-polyaluminium chloride (PAC) kunye ne-polyacrylamide (PAM) usetyenziswe kakhulu kuzo zonke iinkalo zobomi. Unamandla amakhulu kwicandelo lokunyanga amanzi amdaka kunye nodaka, kwaye ixabiso lawo kwimizi-mveliso kufuneka liphandwe ngakumbi.
Indlela yokudibanisa i-PAC kunye ne-PAM ixhomekeke kakhulu ekuguquguqukeni okugqwesileyo kwe-PAM macromolecular chain, edityaniswe ne-Al3 + kwi-PAC kunye ne-O kwi-PAM ukwenza isakhiwo senethiwekhi esizinzileyo ngakumbi. Isakhiwo senethiwekhi sinokugquma ngokuzinzileyo ezinye izinto ezingcolileyo ezifana namasuntswana aqinileyo kunye namaconsi eoli, ngoko ke sinefuthe elihle kakhulu lokunyanga amanzi amdaka aneentlobo ezininzi zokungcola, ingakumbi ukuba ioyile namanzi zihlala kunye.
Kwangaxeshanye, indibaniselwano ye-PAC kunye ne-PAM nayo ineziphene. Umthamo wamanzi we-flocculate eyenziweyo uphezulu, kwaye ulwakhiwo lwayo lwangaphakathi oluzinzileyo lukhokelela kwiimfuno eziphezulu zonyango lwesibini. Ke ngoko, uphuhliso olongezelelweyo lwe-PAC oludityaniswe ne-PAM lusajongene nobunzima kunye nemingeni.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Okthobha-09-2021