Uhlalutyo lokwenzeka kwesicelo kunyango lwamanzi amdaka kwimizi-mveliso
1. Intshayelelo esisiseko
Ungcoliseko lwesinyithi esinzima lubhekisa kungcoliseko lokusingqongileyo olubangelwa ziintsimbi ezinzima okanye izinto ezidityanisiweyo nazo. Okubangelwa ikakhulu zizinto ezisetyenziswa ngabantu ezifana nokumba imigodi, ukukhutshwa kwegesi emdaka, ukunkcenkceshela amdaka kunye nokusetyenziswa kweemveliso zesinyithi esinzima. Umzekelo, isifo semozulu yamanzi kunye nesifo sentlungu eJapan zibangelwa kungcoliseko lwe-mercury kunye nongcoliseko lwe-cadmium ngokwahlukeneyo. Ubungakanani bomonakalo buxhomekeke kuxinzelelo kunye nohlobo lweekhemikhali lweentsimbi ezinzima kwindawo esingqongileyo, ukutya kunye nezinto eziphilayo. Ungcoliseko lwesinyithi esinzima lubonakala kakhulu kungcoliseko lwamanzi, kwaye inxalenye yalo ikwimo yemozulu kunye nenkunkuma eqinileyo.
Iimetali ezisindayo zibhekisa kwiimetali ezinobunzima obuthile (ubuninzi) obungaphezulu kwe-4 okanye i-5, kwaye kukho malunga neentlobo ezingama-45 zeemetali, ezifana nekopolo, i-lead, i-zinc, i-iron, idayimani, i-nickel, i-vanadium, i-silicon, iqhosha, i-titanium, i-manganese, i-cadmium, i-mercury, i-tungsten, i-molybdenum, igolide, iSilivere, njl. Nangona i-manganese, i-copper, i-zinc kunye nezinye iimetali ezisindayo zizinto ezifunekayo kwimisebenzi yobomi, uninzi lweemetali ezisindayo ezifana ne-mercury, i-lead, i-cadmium, njl. azifuneki kwimisebenzi yobomi, kwaye zonke iimetali ezisindayo ezingaphezulu koxinzelelo oluthile ziyingozi emzimbeni womntu.
Iimetali ezisindayo zihlala zikhona ngokwendalo ngokwezinga lendalo. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokwanda kokusetyenziswa, ukunyibilikisa, ukucubungula kunye nokuveliswa kweemetali ezisindayo ngabantu, iimetali ezininzi ezisindayo ezifana ne-lead, i-mercury, i-cadmium, i-cobalt, njl.njl. zingena emoyeni, emanzini, nasemhlabeni. Zibangela ungcoliseko olukhulu lokusingqongileyo. Iimetali ezisindayo kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zeekhemikhali okanye kwiifom zeekhemikhali ziya kuhlala zikho, ziqokelele kwaye zifuduke emva kokungena kwindawo okanye kwindalo, nto leyo ebangela ingozi. Umzekelo, iimetali ezisindayo ezikhutshwa ngamanzi amdaka zinokuqokelelana kwi-algae kunye nodaka olusezantsi nokuba izinga lincinci, kwaye zifunxwe phezu kobuso beentlanzi kunye ne-shellfish, nto leyo ebangela uxinano lokutya, ngaloo ndlela zibangele ungcoliseko. Umzekelo, izifo zamanzi eJapan zibangelwa yimetali emanzini amdaka akhutshwa kwishishini lokuvelisa i-caustic soda, eliguqulwa libe yimetali yendalo ngesenzo sebhayoloji; omnye umzekelo yintlungu, ebangelwa yimetali ekhutshwa kwishishini lokunyibilikisa i-zinc kunye neshishini le-electroplating le-cadmium. Ilothe ekhutshwa kwi-exhaust yeemoto ingena kwindalo esingqongileyo ngokusebenzisa ukusasazwa komoya kunye nezinye iinkqubo, nto leyo ebangela ukwanda okukhulu koxinzelelo lwelothe kumphezulu wangoku, nto leyo ebangela ukufunxwa kwelothe kubantu banamhlanje malunga namaxesha ali-100 aphezulu kunabo babantu bamandulo, kwaye yonakalise impilo yabantu.
I-Macromolecular heavy metal treatment agent, i-polymer yolwelo olubomvu-mdaka, inokusebenzisana ngokukhawuleza nee-ion ezahlukeneyo ze-heavy metal emanzini amdaka kubushushu begumbi, njenge-Hg+, Cd2+, Cu2+, Pb2+, Mn2+, Ni2+, Zn2+, Cr3+, njl. Isabela ekwenzeni iityuwa ezihlanganisiweyo ezinganyibilikiyo emanzini ezinezinga lokususa elingaphezulu kwe-99%. Indlela yonyango ilula kwaye ilula, ixabiso liphantsi, isiphumo siyamangalisa, ubungakanani bodaka buncinci, buzinzile, abunatyhefu, kwaye akukho ngcoliseko yesibini. Ingasetyenziswa kakhulu kunyango lwamanzi amdaka kushishino lwe-elektroniki, emigodini nasekunyibilikiseni, kushishino lokucubungula isinyithi, ekususweni kwe-power plant kunye neminye imboni. Uluhlu lwe-pH olusebenzayo: 2-7.
2. Intsimi yesicelo semveliso
Njengesixhobo sokususa ii-ion zesinyithi esinzima esisebenzayo, sinoluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo. Ingasetyenziselwa phantse onke amanzi amdaka anee-ion zesinyithi esinzima.
3. Sebenzisa indlela kunye nokuhamba kwenkqubo eqhelekileyo
1. Indlela yokusebenzisa
1. Yongeza kwaye uxube
① Yongeza i-polymer heavy metal treatment agent ngqo kwi-heavy metal-containing heavy ion water response, eyona ndlela ilungileyo kukuxuba rhoqo emva kwemizuzu eli-10;
②Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba i-heavy metal ingakanani emanzini amdaka, kufuneka kusetyenziswe uvavanyo lwelabhoratri ukuze kuchongwe ubungakanani be-heavy metal eyongeziweyo.
③Ukuze kulungiswe amanzi amdaka aqulethe ii-ion zesinyithi ezinzima ezinamaqondo ahlukeneyo, ubungakanani bezinto ezikrwada ezongeziweyo bunokulawulwa ngokuzenzekelayo yi-ORP
2. Izixhobo eziqhelekileyo kunye nenkqubo yetekhnoloji
1. Hlunga amanzi kwangaphambili 2. Ukuze ufumane i-PH=2-7, yongeza i-asidi okanye i-alkali ngokusebenzisa i-PH regulator 3. Lawula ubungakanani bezinto ezikrwada ezongeziweyo nge-redox regulator 4. I-Flocculant (i-potassium aluminium sulfate) 5. Ixesha lokuhlala kwetanki yokuxuba 10min 76, ixesha lokugcina itanki ye-agglomeration 10min 7, itanki ye-sloping plate sedimentation 8, i-sludge 9, i-reservoir 10, i-filter 121, ulawulo lokugqibela lwe-pH yedama lokukhupha amanzi 12, amanzi okukhupha amanzi
4. Uhlalutyo lweenzuzo zoqoqosho
Ukuthatha amanzi amdaka e-electroplating njengomzekelo wamanzi amdaka esinyithi esinzima, kweli shishini lodwa, iinkampani ezisebenzisa izicelo ziya kufumana iingenelo ezinkulu kwezentlalo nakwezoqoqosho. Amanzi amdaka e-electroplating ikakhulu avela kumanzi okuhlamba iindawo zeplating kunye nolwelo oluncinci lwenkunkuma yenkqubo. Uhlobo, umxholo kunye nohlobo lwesinyithi esinzima emanzini amdaka lwahluka kakhulu ngokweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zemveliso, ikakhulu equlethe ii-ion zesinyithi esinzima ezifana ne-copper, i-chromium, i-zinc, i-cadmium, kunye ne-nickel. Ngokwezibalo ezingaphelelanga, ukukhutshwa kwamanzi amdaka ngonyaka kwishishini le-electroplating lodwa kudlula iitoni ezingama-400 ezigidi.
Unyango lwamachiza lwamanzi amdaka olusebenzisa i-electroplating lubonwa njengeyona ndlela isebenzayo necokisekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, xa sijonga iziphumo zeminyaka emininzi, indlela yamachiza ineengxaki ezifana nokusebenza okungazinziyo, ukusebenza kakuhle kwezoqoqosho kunye nempembelelo embi kwindalo esingqongileyo. I-arhente yonyango lwamanzi esinyithi esinzima sepolymer isonjululwe kakuhle kakhulu. Ingxaki engentla.
4. Uvavanyo olupheleleyo lweprojekthi
1. Inamandla okunciphisa i-CrV, uluhlu lwe-pH lokunciphisa i-Cr” lubanzi (2 ~ 6), kwaye uninzi lwazo lune-asidi encinci
Amanzi amdaka axutyiweyo anokuphelisa isidingo sokongeza i-asidi.
2. I-alkaline kakhulu, kwaye ixabiso le-pH linokwandiswa ngexesha elinye xa longezwa. Xa i-pH ifikelela kwi-7.0, i-Cr (VI), i-Cr3+, i-Cu2+, i-Ni2+, i-Zn2+, i-Fe2+, njl. zinokufikelela kwinqanaba eliqhelekileyo, oko kukuthi, iintsimbi ezinzima zinokunyuka ngelixa kunciphisa ixabiso le-VI. Amanzi acociweyo ahlangabezana ngokupheleleyo nomgangatho wokukhupha wesizwe weklasi yokuqala.
3. Ixabiso eliphantsi. Xa kuthelekiswa ne-sodium sulfide yesiqhelo, iindleko zokucubungula zincitshiswa ngaphezulu kwe-RMB 0.1 ngetoni nganye.
4. Isantya sokucubungula sikhawuleza, kwaye iprojekthi yokukhusela okusingqongileyo isebenza kakuhle kakhulu. Ukuna kwemvula kulula ukuhla, okuphindwe kabini kunendlela yelayimu. Ukuna kwemvula ngaxeshanye kwe-F-, P043 emanzini amdaka
5. Ubungakanani bodaka buncinci, sisiqingatha kuphela sendlela yendabuko yokukhupha amanzi ngeekhemikhali
6. Akukho ungcoliseko lwesibini lweentsimbi ezinzima emva konyango, kwaye i-copper carbonate yendabuko ilula ukuyifutha;
7. Ngaphandle kokuvala ilaphu lesihluzi, linokucutshungulwa rhoqo
Umthombo wale nqaku: uSina Aiwen wabelane ngolwazi
Ixesha lokuthumela: Novemba-29-2021